Wow. That is a very eloquent and persuasive argument you have laid our. Much impressed.
I can't do the same, not even close, but I will point out a few things.
GDP is in my humble opinion a terrible measure if how well a country is doing or is likely to do... ireland is a great example of this. It is essentially a banana republic. Then this comment was amusing: "Notice something about every economy in that chart? They're all incredibly open and free economies"; with Qatar in the list? Like really? Beyond that I think we in the west like to believe certain myths about the state of the world. How open are European and North American markets, really, to producers in Africa and Asia when the Middle man isn't a western organisation? I could write a lot about that but this probably isn't the forum. Look at European trade policies to get an idea. That is beside the point.
Then while i agree that agriculture to industrial generally leads to a short period high growth I'm not sure the wholesale move to information and services is necessarily progress or sustainable. The UK moved to information and services (mostly financial services) and as a result is now at the mercy of Russia since the latter invaded Europe's food basket. Leaving the EU is also going to hit our financial services industry...
The big problem with shifting your economy to information and services, in my humble opinion, is that this is the most easily replicated industry. It requires no land resources or huge infrastructure investment and the only cost in human resources really is education. Vietnam has built a competitive IT industry on the back of very little.
Tiktok recently superceded Google as the most visited site. Apple has been superceded by Samsung and will definitely be overtaken by Huawei especially since apple relies on Chinese companies to make its products. Wechat is the world's largest standalone communications app.
Like I said Japan never really had the critical mass. China (and India) do. Nothing lasts forever and western domination of the world economy cannot be sustained in the face of demographics (check out how many engineers those two countries pump out each year).
Civilisation is thousands of years old and in that time we have witnessed all types of dominant cultures. Some have been open and Liberal like persia others have been centralised and rigid like the Romans. I don't think the ideology is that important in historic terms.